Covariate

Unadjusted model

Adjusted model

HR (95% CI)

p-value

HR (95% CI)

p-value

Age

1.03 (1.02; 1.05)

<0.001

1.04 (1.03; 1.06)

<0.001

Gender

Male-ref.

1

1

Female

0.78 (0.60; 1.01)

0.058

0.87 (0.66; 1.15)

0.321

Comorbidity

No-ref.

1

1

Yes

1.29 (0.99; 1.68)

0.062

1.16 (0.86; 1.55)

0.332

Mode of presentation

Emergency

2.18 (1.19; 3.99)

0.012

1.62 (0.83; 3.17)

0.161

Planned-ref.

1

1

Type of surgery

Hartmann

1.05 (0.59; 1.88)

0.870

0.58 (0.30; 1.14)

0.112

Low Anterior Resection

0.71 (0.54; 0.93)

0.013

0.65 (0.47; 0.91)

0.011

Abdominoperineal res.-ref.

1

1

Tumour fixation

No-ref.

1

1

Yes

1.55 (1.04; 2.32)

0.032

1.20 (0.74; 1.92)

0.462

Lymph node dissection

No mesorectal excision-ref.

1

1

PME

0.84 (0.58; 1.22)

0.356

0.92 (0.61; 1.41)

0.714

TME

0.64 (0.47; 0.87)

0.004

0.69 (0.50; 0.95)

0.024

Unknown

0.82 (0.54; 1.26)

0.369

0.91 (0.58; 1.44)

0.685

Perforation

No perforation

1

1

Pre/perioperative perforation

1.96 (1.27; 3.01)

0.002

1.22 (0.76; 1.96)

0.407

TNM-stage

Stage I-ref.

1

1

Stage II

1.69 (1.13; 2.52)

0.010

1.55 (1.00; 2.40)

0.049

Stage III

2.91 (1.93; 4.40)

<0.001

2.95 (1.87; 4.67)

<0.001

Stage IV

9.19 (5.76; 14.67)

<0.001

1.23 (0.14; 10.77)

0.851