| Variable | Baseline | After Intervention | ||||
| Intervention | Control | χ2 (p value) | Intervention | Control | χ2 (p value) | |
| N = 132 | N = 132 | N = 132 | N = 132 | |||
| Freq (%) | Freq (%) | Freq (%) | Freq (%) | |||
| Lack of materials | 86 (85.2) | 101 (76.5) | 0.030 (0.862) | 121 (91.7) | 91 (68.9) | 21.553 (0.000) |
| Inadequate human resources/increased workload | 88 (66.7) | 100 (75.8) | 0.704 (0.401) | 123 (93.2) | 98 (74.2) | 17.363 (0.000) |
| Insufficient financial resources | 93 (70.5) | 92 (69.7) | 0.930 (0.335) | 116 (87.9) | 92 (69.7) | 13.055 (0.000) |
| Lack of incentives | 76 (57.6) | 77 (58.3) | 0.486 (0.486) | 113 (85.6) | 81 (61.4) | 19.907 (0.000) |
| Inadequate information/knowledge | 95 (72.0) | 94 (71.2) | 0.579 (0.447) | 125 (94.7) | 101 (76.5) | 17.707 (0.000) |
| Poor supervision | 87 (65.9) | 98 (74.2) | 0.014 (0.904) | 121 (91.7) | 96 (72.7) | 16.178 (0.000) |
| Low interest of workers on drug management | 64 (38.5) | 79 (59.8) | 4.519 (0.034) | 101 (76.5) | 87 (65.9) | 3.622 (0.077) |
| Attended drug training course/seminar | 12 (9.1) | 19 (14.4) | 2.467 (0.116) | 131 (99.2) | 28 (21.2) | 0.167 (<0.001) |
| Last time training was received | N = 12 | N = 19 |
| N = 131 | N = 28 |
|
| <10 years | 4 (33.3) | 7 (36.8) | 0.040 (0.842) | 131 (100.0) | 11 (39.3) | FT |
| ≥10 years | 8 (66.7) | 12 (63.2) |
| 0 (0.0) | 17 (60.7) | 0.000 |