Quantitative non-randomized studies | Quality assessment components using MMAT | ||||
Are participants recruited in a way that minimizes selection bias? | Are measurements appropriate regarding the exposure or intervention and outcomes? | In the groups being compared, are the participants comparable, or do researchers consider? | Are there complete outcome data (80% or above), an acceptable response rate (60% or above), or an acceptable follow-up rate for cohort studies? | Total | |
Al-Ghamdi et al., [2017] | * | * | * | * | 4* |
Allaire et al., [2000] | * | * | * | * | 4* |
Bercaw et al., [2010] |
| * | * | * | 3* |
Charaf et al., [2015] | * | * | * | * | 4* |
Chaudhry et al., [2011] | * | * | * | * | 4* |
Fakeye et al., [2009] | * |
| * | * | 3* |
Holst et al., [2009] | * | * | * | * | 4* |
Hwang et al., [2016] | * | * | * | * | 4* |
Kaadaga et al., [2014] | * | * | * | * | 4* |
Kenedy et al., [2013] | * | * | * | * | 4* |
Louik et al., [2010] | * | * | * | * | 4* |
Mothupi et al., [2014] | * | * | * | * | 4* |
Moussally et al., [2009] | * | * | * | * | 4* |
Nordeng et al., [2011] | * | * | * | * | 4* |
Nordeng et al., [2004] | * | * | * | * | 4* |