| Characteristics | n | % | |
| Age | 20 s | 66 | 21.4 |
| 30 s | 61 | 19.7 | |
| 40 s | 87 | 28.2 | |
| 50 years or older | 95 | 30.7 | |
| Experience of registered nurse | Yes | 94 | 30.4 |
| No | 215 | 69.6 | |
| Year of experience of PHNs | (mean ± SD) | 17.84 ± 11.34 | |
| Supervisor’s occupation | PHNs | 145 | 46.9 |
| Others | 164 | 53.1 | |
| Number of PHNs in the workplace | Less than 2 | 57 | 18.4 |
| 3 - 5 | 58 | 18.8 | |
| More than 6 | 194 | 62.8 | |
| Self-esteem score | (mean ± SD) | 34.31 ± 6.31 | |