Age (years)

19.3 ± 0.5

19.9 ± 1.2

Height (in)

71.4 ± 1.9

64.1 ± 2.8

Weight (lbs)

150.4 ± 12.1

143.6 ± 22.5

Body Fat (percent)

13.9 ± 2.6

27.5 ± 5.2

BMI (kg/m²)

20.7 ± 0.9

24.7 ± 4.4

VO₂peak (mL O₂/kg・min)

39.7 ± 8.5

29. 4 ± 6.3

Caffeine Intake (mg/day)

42.5 ± 79.1

114.4 ± 88.6