Experiment 1

Experiment 2

Experiment 3

Person A standing still on the Earth surface (person B’s perspective), and person B onboard a train moving at 60 km/h (person B’s perspective)

Caesium clocks onboard two jets, one flying eastward, the other westward

Spectrophotometric measurement of betanin absolute concentration

Relative measurement 1

(person A’s perspective)

Person A standing still on the Earth surface

Jet flying eastward

Sample: betanin solution of unknown concentration

Relative measurement 2

(person A’s perspective)

Person B onboard a train moving at 60 km/h

Jet flying westward

Blank control

Common reference

Person C occupying any independent spacetime condition, different from those occupied by A and B

Reference atomic clock maintained at the USA Naval Observatory (at rest, on the Earth surface), occupying an independent spacetime condition, different from those occupied by the jets

Anything filling the cuvette holder (e.g., air) against which both A₅₃₅ values are measured

Relative readings to be compared

Comparative time dilation or comparative duration of each second experienced by persons A and B, as measured by person C

Comparative time dilation relative to Earth, or comparative duration of each second in both jets, as measured from a fixed point on the Earth surface

A₅₃₅ readings of sample and blank control

Absolute value obtained

Which person is moving faster in absolute terms

Which jet is moving faster in absolute terms

Betanin

absolute concentration