Lignocellulosic material

Lignin (%)

Hemicellulose (%)

Cellulose (%)

References

Bamboo

21 - 31

15 - 26

26 - 43

[3] [16]

Banana waste

14

14.8

13.2

[3]

Barley straw

14 - 15

24 - 29

31 - 34

[15] [16]

Bast fibre jute

21 - 26

18 - 21

45 - 53

[3] [16]

Bast fibre kenaf

15 - 19

22 - 23

31 - 39

[3] [16]

Black gram residue

23.14

32.48

26.80

[17]

Coastal Bermuda grass

6.4

35.7

25

[5] [18]

19.4

13.3

47.8

[14]

Coconut coir

18

26

48

[19]

Corn cob

15

35

45

[3] [5] [18]

4.5 - 6.6

38 - 42

35

[13]

Corn stalks

17

24

43

[19]

Corn stover

18

22

40

[20]

18

20.5

41.7

[21]

Cotton gin waste

-

16

78

[19]

Elephant grass

24

24

22

[3]

Esparto grass

17 - 19

27 - 32

33 - 38

[3] [16]

Flax straw

22

27

29

[15]

Grasses (average)

10 - 30

25 - 50

25 - 40

[6]

Hardwood stem

18 - 25

24 - 40

40 - 55

[3] [5] [6] [18]

Leaves

0

80 - 85

15 - 20

[5] [18]

Millet husk

14

27

33

[19]

Newspaper

18 - 30

25 - 40

40 - 55

[5] [18]

Nut shells

30 - 40

25 - 30

25 - 30

[5] [18]

Oat straw

16 - 19

27 - 38

31 - 37

[3] [16]

Orchard grass (medium maturity)

4.7

40

32

[3] [5]

Pinewood

20

24

39

[10]

Poplar wood

26

17

35

[22]

Rice husk

14

24

31

[19]

Rice straw

18

24

32.1

[3] [5] [14] [18]

Rye straw

16 - 19

27 - 30

33 - 35

[3] [16]

Sabai grass

20.88

23.72

49.90

[23]

Softwood stem

25 - 35

25 - 35

45 - 50

[3] [5] [6]

Sugarcane bagasse

19 - 24

27 - 32

32 - 44

[16] [19]

18.4

26.9

38.1

[24]

24

25

43

[21]

Sugarcane tops

36.1

24.2

33.3

[25]

Sunhemp residue

17.4 - 18.4

11.9 - 13

43.4 - 48

[26]

Sweet sorghum bagasse

18

25

45

[22]

Switchgrass

12

31

45

[3]

18

22

31

[21]

Timothy grass

18

30

34

[10]

Waste papers from chemical pulps

5 - 10

10 - 20

60 - 70

[5] [18]

Wheat bran

3 - 10

22 - 25

7 - 11

[27]

Wheat straw

16 - 21

26 - 32

29 - 35

[5]

7.7

30.8

41.3

[12]

15

50

30

[5]

17

23

33

[21]

14.5

24.8

36

[24]