15) | Factorial design Aim: To examine interaction effects between skill level and performance contexts on the experience of flow in adolescent tennis players. | Dispositional Flow Scale-2 (DFS-2) and Open-ended questions | 84 junior tennis players (55 boys, 29 girls) Mage = 14.45 years, SD = 1.53 | Club players experienced flow with similar frequency in most performance contexts (training-competition) expect differences in the contexts of action-awareness merging (50%), unambiguous feedback (50%) and time transformation (50%) whereas ranging list players experienced flow more often during training than competition with shared variance between performance contexts ranged from 21% (challenge/skill balance) to 62% (time transformation). |
16) | Counterbalanced-repeated measure trial Aim: To investigate the effect of different internal and external associative strategies on endurance performance. | 3 experimental conditions to test the notion that different attention-performance types (Multi-action plan model; MAP) (Optimal Type 1 (flow-feeling attentional mode), Functional Type 2 (associative focus directed at core components), and Dysfunctional Type 3 (attentional focus directed at irrelevant components) would influence endurance time on a cycling task. Also, psychological markers of fatigue and 3 affects (i.e., RPE, hedonic tone and arousal) were measured | 17 students (5 women, 12 men) Mage = 24.3 years, SD = 4.9 | Type 1 and Type 2 attentional strategies, compared to Type 3 strategy, exerted functional effects on performance (time to exhaustion, arousal, hedonic tone, whereas a Type 3 strategy was linked to lower performance, and lower levels of arousal and pleasantness. |