Parameters

Quantity

Embodied energy (kJ/kWh)

Energy output (MWh/yr)

Environmental impact

(g CO₂e/kWh)

Source

850 kW

1

154.90

9486

9.29

Crawford [5]

3.0 MW

1

140

32,915

8.40

4.5 MW

1

300

11,700

15.80

Tremeac and Meunier [6]

250 W

1

1200

2.00

46.40

5 kW

20

424.3

204

17.80 net avoided

Kabir et al. [7]

20 kW

5

221.5

196

25.10 net avoided

100 kW

1

133.3

212

42.70 net avoided

330 kW (100 hub height)

1

-

746

33.9633

Demir and Taskin [8]

500 kW (100 hub height)

1

-

1010

29.97

810 kW (100 hub height)

1

-

1670

20.41

2050 kW (100 hub height)

1

-

3960

16.27

3020 kW (100 hub height)

1

-

3990

22.29