Form

Causes

Mitigation Measures

Plagiarism

Lack of research skills, Failure to cope with workload and performance anxiety

Plagiarism detection, verification of references and promoting transparency and access to Information

Cheating

Peer pressure, performance anxiety and self-justification habits

Suspension, Expulsion, Strict supervision and give enough time to prepare tests and examinations

Fabrication and Falsification

Performance anxiety and external pressure to succeed

Promote transparency and access to information

Multiple Submission

Peer pressure, external pressure to succeed and performance anxiety

Promote transparency and access to information

Complicity

Performance anxiety

Suspension and Strict supervision

Abuse of academic materials

Lack of research skills and unfamiliarity with what constitutes academic corruption

Plagiarism detection and sensitization

Misrepresenting

Performance anxiety

Suspension

Bribery

External pressure to succeed and performance anxiety

Suspension, Expulsion and Dismissal

Disruptive behavior

Failure to cope with workload

Suspension and expulsion

Academic/Professional Misconduct

Monetary gain, Failure to adhere to code of ethics and Satisfaction of sexual desires

Suspension and Dismissal

Conspiracy

Monetary gain and failure to

adhere to code of ethics

Suspension and Dismissal

Tribal Marking

Favouritism and Nepotism

Suspension and Dismissal