Histomorphometric measurements M ± SD

% new bone/total defect area

20.87 ± 13.86

32.96 ± 31.61

10.08 ± 9.87

33.02 ± 33.56

% membrane/defect area

24.79 ± 10.72

18.69 ± 13.37

25.07 ± 22.86

14.90 ± 17.07

Micro-CT analysis M ± SD

% new bone volume/defect volume

9. 40 ± 6.21

28.89 ± 26.90

10.63 ± 9.98

12.83 ± 4.80

density (g/ml)

1.61 ± 0.05

1.69 ± 0.14

1.62 ± 0.04

1.66 ± 0.02

new bone surface area/new bone volume (mm⁻¹)

23.19 ± 5.40

20.58 ± 15.65

26.88 ± 9.21

19.37 ± 3.60