Income sources

Maradi

Zinder

Average

χ²

Average Significance

Trade

63.1

11

44.6

275.83

***

Breeding

10.6

58.2

27.6

284.44

***

Daily work

42.4

11

31.2

115.16

***

Handicraft

34.5

0.3

22.3

169.7

***

Market gardening

0.6

20

7.5

136.87

***

Begging

20.3

0

13.1

90.98

***

Exodus to cities Niger

17.3

1

11.5

65.35

***

Exodus to Algeria

5.5

0

3.6

22.37

***

Exodus to Libya

8.4

0

5.4

34.39

***

Exodus to Nigeria

10.5

6.4

9

5.09

**

Nothing

5.7

18.7

10.3

46.16

***