Intangibles analyzed

Study authors

Human assets

Organizational assets

Information assets

Reputation

Innovation

Customer assets

Brand

Relational assets

Fombrun & Shanley (1990)

〇

Riahi-Belkaoui & Pavlik (1991)

〇

Subramanian & Nilakanta (1996)

〇

Kowalczyk & Pawlish (2002)

〇

〇

Roberts & Dowling (2002)

〇

Carmeli (2004)

〇

〇

Youndt, Subramaniam, & Snell (2004)

〇

〇

〇

Carmeli & Tishler (2005)

〇

〇

〇

Tseng & Goo (2005)

〇

〇

〇

〇

Hosomi (2009, 2011, 2014)

〇

〇

〇

〇

〇

〇

Yee, Yeung, & Cheng (2010).

〇

〇

Ito, Ito, Shinmura, & Sakurai (2011)

〇

Chien & Chao (2011)

〇

〇

〇

Mithas, Ramasubbu, & Sambamurthy (2011)

〇

〇

〇

Ponzi, Fombrun, & Gardberg (2011)

〇

Iwata (2012)

〇

Nihon Kanrikaikei Gakkai Study Group (2015)

〇

〇

〇

〇

〇

〇

〇

Donate, Peña, & Sánchez de Pablo (2016)

〇

〇

〇

Ito & Sekiya (2016)

〇

〇

〇

〇

França & Rua (2018)

〇

〇

〇

〇

Shubita (2019)

〇

〇

Ubaldo & Siedschlag (2020)

〇

〇

〇