EMF (endomyocardial fibrosis)

RHD (rheumatic heart disease)

Starts as a febrile illness with facial swelling

Starts as a febrile illness with joint swelling

May occur in neonatal period and infancy

Uncommon in neonatal period and infancy

AV (atrioventricular) regurgitation mild to moderate

Moderate to severe

Stenosis of AV valves uncommon

Common

Semilunar valves are unaffected

Commonly affected

Pancarditis like picture is present

Present

Antiheart antibodies are found

Found

Infectious and immunological mediated mechanism is suggested

Suggested

Endocardial and apical fibrosis

Commissural fusion and chordal fibrosis

Fibrosis is a diffuse process and may affect skeletal muscles

Localized to valvular apparatus only