Temperature (˚C)

Grade of bitumen

50/70

Stiffness Modulus (Pa)

10/65

Stiffness Modulus (Pa)

35/50

Stiffness Modulus (Pa)

20

7.5 × 105

2 × 106

1.3 × 106

30

4.5 × 105

7 × 105

5 × 105

40

1.5 × 105

5 × 105

2.5 × 105

50

7.5 × 104

2 × 105

9.8 × 104

60

5 × 104

1 × 105

9.3 × 104

70

1.5 × 104

9 × 104

3.5 × 104