Treatment

Route

Glucose levels at different hours after treatment

0 hr

2 hrs

4 hrs

6 hrs

8 hrs

24 hrs

Normal control

Oral

5.3 ± 0.2^Aa

5.2 ± 0.1^Aa

5.3 ± 0.1^Aa

5.2 ± 0.1^Aa

5.2 ± 0.1^Aa

5.2 ± 0.1^Aa

IP

5.2 ± 0.1^Aa

5.2 ± 0.1^Aa

5.1 ± 0.1^Aa

5.1 ± 0.1^Aa

5.0 ± 0.2^Aa

5.1 ± 0.1^ABa

Diabetic plus Saline

Oral

15.5 ± 5.2^Ca

17.3 ± 5.4^Ba

18.5 ± 5.5^Ca

19.8 ± 5.0^Ba

21.4 ± 4.2^Ba

22.8 ± 4.1^Ca

IP

12.6 ± 1.8^BCa

14.0 ± 1.4^Bab

15.4 ± 1.4^Babc

17.0 ± 1.4^Bbc

20.7 ± 2.4^Bcd

18.5 ± 1.8^Cd

Diabetic plus Gliben/insulin

Oral

15.2 ± 6.1^Cb

11.5 ± 5.0^ABab

10.1 ± 4.4^ABab

8.0 ± 2.9^Aab

5.7 ± 1.0^Aa

7.4 ± 0.8^ABa

IP

13.7 ± 2.9^Cb

5.6 ± 0.7^Aa

4.9 ± 0.3^Aa*

4.8 ± 0.3^Aa

7.0 ± 1.1^Aa

4.7 ± 0.3^Aa

Extract dose (mg/kg body weight)

25

Oral

17.1 ± 4.5^Cb

14.8 ± 3.6^Bab

12.8 ± 3.7^BCab

11.4 ± 3.8^Aab

8.7 ± 2.3^Aa

10.6 ± 2.5^Bab

IP

9.4 ± 0.7^Bb*

4.0 ± 0.5^Aa*

3.6 ± 0.8^Aa*

3.8 ± 1.2^Aa*

3.6 ± 0.2^Aa*

3.4 ± 0.2^Aa*

48.4

Oral

15.2 ± 3.9^Cb

12.2 ± 4.2^ABab

9.5 ± 3.1^ABab

8.3 ± 3.7^Aab

6.5 ± 1.8^Aa

10.2 ± 2.7^Bab

IP

11.8 ± 0.6^BCb

4.1 ± 0.6^Aa*

4.0 ± 0.8^Aa*

3.8 ± 1.0^Aa

4.5 ± 1.2^Aa

3.5 ± 0.7^Aa*

93.5

Oral

14.9 ± 5.8^ABb

11.7 ± 4.9^ABab

8.5 ± 3.9^ABab

6.8 ± 0.5^Aa

5.1 ± 1.0^Aa

10.2 ± 1.5^Bab

IP

12.8 ± 1.1^BCb

5.4 ± 1.1^Aa*

4.5 ± 0.7^Aa

4.2 ± 0.7^Aa

4.0 ± 1.2^Aa

4.3 ± 0.9^Aa*

180.9

Oral

13.6 ± 3.3^Abc

10.8 ± 2.3^ABbc

8.8 ± 1.5^ABab

7.4 ± 0.7^Aa

5.6 ± 1.1^Aa

8.7 ± 1.8^ABab

IP

12.5 ± 3.5^BCb

7.0 ± 6.3^Aa

4.2 ± 1.0^Aa*

3.8 ± 0.9^Aa*

3.7 ± 1.2^Aa*

3.3 ± 1.0^Aa*

350

Oral

16.9 ± 4.1^Cc

14.2 ± 2.9^Bbc

11.8 ± 2.3^ABCbc

9.1 ± 3.5^Aab

6.1 ± 1.4^Aa

9.9 ± 1.9^ABab

IP

13.9 ± 2.6^Cb

5.6 ± 2.5^Aa*

4.3 ± 2.3^Aa*

3.8 ± 1.1^Aa*

3.6 ± 1.9^Aa*

4.2 ± 2.1^Aa*