Class of antibiotic

Antibiotic name

Generations

Mechanism of action

Penicillins

Ampicillin

Aminopencillins

Inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis

Cephalosporins

Ceftriaxone

Third generation

Disrupts synthesis of the peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell walls

Flouroqiunolones

Naldixic acid

Second generation

Blocks DNA replication of bacteria by inhibiting of DNA gyrase enzyme

Levofloxacin

Norfloxacin

Ciprofloxacin

First generation

Block bacterial DNA replication by inhbiting DNA topoisomerase and gyrase enzyme

Aminoglycosides

Gentimicin

Second generation

Inhibits synthesis of bacterial proteins irreversibly binding to 30s subunit of the bacterial ribosome

Amikacin

Third generation

Tetracyclines

Tetracycline

First generation

Inhibit protein synthesis preventing binding of transfer RNA to Messenger RNA.

trimethoprim /sulfonamides

Cotrimoxazole

First line

Inhibit synthesis of folic acid

Nitrofurantion

Nitrofuration

Block protein sythesis of bacteria by disrupting nitroreductase enzyme of bacteria