Ambler (molecular)

Class

Bush & Jacoby group (2009)

Substrate/target

Inhibition profile

Member examples

Clavulanic acid

azobactam

A

2a

Penicillins

Yes

No

PC-1

2b

Penicillins, some of the 1st-generation cephalosporin

Yes

No

TEM-1, TEM-2, SHV-1

2be

Extended spectrum cephalosporin, monobactam

Yes

No

TEM-3, SHV-2, CTX-M-15, PET-1, VEB-1

2br

Penicillins

No

No

TEM-30, SHV-10

2ber

Extended spectrum cephalosporin, monobactam

No

No

TEM-50

2c

Carbenicillin

Yes

No

PSE-1, CARB-3

2ce

Carbenicillin, cefepime

Yes

No

RTG-4

2e

Extended spectrum beta-lactams

Yes

No

CepA

B

2f

Changing

No

KPC-2, 1M1-1, SME-1

3a

Carbapenems

No

Yes

IMP-1, VIM-1, CcrA, IND-1, NDM-1

C

3b

Carbapenems

No

Yes

CphA, Sfh-1

1

Cephalosporins

No

No

AmpC, P99, ACT 1, CMY-2, FOX-1, MIR-1

1e

Cephalosporins

No

Yes

GC1, CMY-37

D

2d

Cloxacillin

Changeable

No

OXA-1, OXA-10

2de

Extended spectrum

cephalosporin

Changeable

No

OXA-11, OXA-15

2df

Carbapenems

Variable

No

OXA-23, OXA-48