Year

Location

Facility

Population

Sample size

Study design

Specimen type

S. aureus

detection

MRSA

detection

Reference

1996-01

Kilifi

Public

Children

2100

Retrospective

Blood

5% (106/2100)

1% (1/106)

[12]

2003-08

Nairobi

Private

All age

18750

Retrospective

Blood

2% (368/18750)

21% (76/364)

[13]

2005-07

Nairobi

Public & private

All age

179

Prospective, multicenter

SSTIs

45.8% (82/179)

84.1% (69/82)

[14]

2010

Nairobi

Private

HCWs

246

Prospective

Nasal swabs

18.3% (45/246)

0

[20]

2011

Thika

Public

All age

733

Prospective cross-sectional

Carriage swabs

10% (74/733)

7% (6/86)

[19]

2012

Nairobi

Public

Pediatric ICU

218

Prospective

Swabs & tracheal aspirates

32.6% (71/218)

46.5% (33/71)

[16]

2011-13

Nairobi

Private

All age

NR

Retrospective

Heterogeneous

NR (n = 731)

3.7% (27/731)

[22]

2014

Nairobi

Public

Pediatric/ Surgical

150

Prospective

Wounds

52.6%

(79/150)

50.6% (40/79)

[17]

2014-16

Nairobi

Public

All age

NR

Retrospective

Heterogeneous

NR (n = 944)

27.8% (232/831)

[23]

2014-16

Nairobi

Public

Adults

187

Hybrid

Heterogeneous

NR

53.4% (100/187)

[24]

2010-11

Rift valley

Public

All age

NR

Retrospective

Heterogeneous

NR (n = 107)

36.5% (39/107)

[15]

2015

Nairobi

Public

HCWs

180

Prospective

Nasal & hands swabs

34.4% (62/180)

59.7%

37/62

[21]

2015-16

Nairobi, Kisumu & Kericho

Public

All age

221

Prospective

Heterogeneous

24.4% (54/221)

11%

(6/54)

[9]