| Inclusion | Exclusion |
Population | Surgeons in training (i.e. postgraduate surgical residents or equivalent) | Did not include medical students or programme directors |
Intervention | Patients undergoing tendon transfer/basic science papers on surgical technique tendon transfer, commentary on donor tendons used patient selection, surgical approaches as well as a clear review of the advantages and disadvantages of the techniques advocated | Lacking surgical context |
Environment | Accessible to trainees either in hospital, online or in a clinical workshop in an education centre or simulator | External course |
Outcomes | Reported on outcomes related to tendon transfer | Described only assessment tools or definitions of professionalism |
Design | Reviews, randomised trials, and single cases | Did not report empirical data Not in English |
Published | Papers published between 1990 to February 2021 initially and the search was repeated on October 2021 | Published before 1990 |