Authors

Study design

Results

Wells, Tugwell and Shea (2002) [66]

Meta-analysis of 57 preventive and treatment trials including 1000 postmenopausal women

After one year of MHT, increase in BMD at various sites:

- Lumbar spine—5.4%

- Forearm—3.0%

- Femoral neck—2.5%

Increase in BMD at various sites After 2 years:

- Lumbar spine—6.8%

- Forearm—4.5%

- Femoral neck—4.1%

Torgerson, Bell-Syer (2001) [67]

Meta-analysis of 22 randomized trials

Significant reduction in hip and wrist fractures compared to non-MHT groups (p > 0.02)

Cauley, Robbins and Chen (2003) [68]

HT arm: 16,601 women given either estrogen plus progestin or placebo

ET arm: 10,600 women were given either estrogen or placebo

HT arm after 5.6 years: reduced risk of hip fractures by 33% and all fractures by 24%

ET arm after 7.1 years: reduced risk of hip fractures by 35% and all fractures by 29%

Cummings, Ettinger, Delmas (2008) [69]

Randomized trial on tibolone, 4538 women were given either tibolone or a placebo

At a median of 34 months, a significant reduction in both vertebral as well as non-vertebral fractures (p < 0.01)