Roughness

Roughness Length m

Energy Index %

Landscape Type

0

0.0002

100

Water surface

0.5

0.0024

73

Completely open terrain with a smooth surface, e.g. concrete runways in airports, mowed grass, etc.

1

0.03

52

Open agricultural area without fences and hedgerows and very scattered buildings. Only softly rounded hills

1.5

0.055

45

Agricultural land with some houses and 8 meter tall sheltering hedgerows with a distance of approx. 1250 meters

2

0.1

39

Agricultural land with some houses and 8 meter tall sheltering hedgerows with a distance of approx. 500 meters

2.5

0.2

31

Agricultural land with many houses, shrubs and plants, or 8 meter tall sheltering hedgerows with a distance of approx. 250 meters

3

0.4

24

Villages, small towns, agricultural land with many or tall sheltering hedgerows, forests and very rough and uneven terrain

3.5

0.8

18

Larger cities with tall buildings