Indications: |
・ Actual or impending fistula ・ Unresectable malignant esophageal obstruction ・ Tumor recurrence after surgery or chemoradiotherapy ・ Malignant gastroesophageal anastomotic leaks ・ Contraindication to chemoradiotherapy ・ Extrinsic esophageal compression by primary or secondary mediastinal tumors |
Contraindications |
・ Potential for significant airway compression ・ Uncorrectable coagulopathy ・ Tumor or stricture within 2 cm of proximal esophageal sphincter ・ Recent high-dose chemoradiotherapy (within 3 - 6 weeks) ・ Curable disease by multimodality treatment (relative) ・ Terminal ill patient with limited life expectancy |