| Characteristic | T2DM cases (n = 77) | Controls (n = 80) | |||||
| n (%) | Mean | St. Dev. | n (%) | Mean | St. Dev. | P-value | |
| Body mass index |
| 36.8 | 11.4 |
| 29.2 | 6.3 | <0.0001 |
| BMI group: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| <25 | 12 (15.6) |
|
| 29 (36.2) |
|
|
|
| 25 - 20 | 13 (16.9) |
|
| 23 (28.8) |
|
|
|
| 30+ | 52 (67.5) |
|
| 28 (35.0) |
|
| 0.0002 |
| Age at onset of diabetes (cases) |
| 43.6 | 11.4 |
|
|
|
|
| HbA1c level (cases) |
| 9.7 | 2.8 |
|
|
|
|
| Hypertension |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| No | 19 (24.7) |
|
| 53 (68.8) |
|
| <0.0001 |
| Yes | 58 (75.3) |
|
| 24 (31.2) |
|
|
|
| Cardiovascular disease: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| No | 57 (77.0) |
|
| 70 (89.7) |
|
| 0.03 |
| Yes | 17 (23.0) |
|
| 8 (10.3) |
|
|
|
| Asthma |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| No | 56 (77.8) |
|
| 71 (88.7) |
|
| 0.07 |
| Yes | 16 (22.2) |
|
| 9 (11.3) |
|
|
|
| Hay fever |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| No | 63 (86.3) |
|
| 69 (88.5) |
|
| 0.69 |
| Yes | 10 (13.7) |
|
| 9 (11.5) |
|
|
|
| Medication allergies |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| No | 59 (80.8) |
|
| 62 (82.7) |
|
| 0.77 |
| Yes | 14 (19.2) |
|
| 13 (17.3) |
|
|
|