| Dimension | Urban | Rural | T value | ||
Mean value | Standard deviation | Mean value | Standard deviation | |||
Faculty Level | Information-based teaching and learning capabilities | 4.28 | 0.83 | 4.25 | 0.85 | 13.07*** |
Planning and Preparation | 4.11 | 1.08 | 4.08 | 1.09 | 8.373*** | |
Organization and Implementation | 4.34 | 0.85 | 4.30 | 0.86 | 15.121*** | |
Assessment and Diagnosis | 4.40 | 0.78 | 4.36 | 0.80 | 13.841*** | |
Individual level | Online Learning Process and Results Feedback | 3.75 | 0.70 | 3.76 | 0.67 | −6.417*** |
Learning Process | 3.90 | 0.73 | 3.83 | 0.73 | 28.339*** | |
Self-directed Learning | 4.29 | 0.72 | 4.22 | 0.73 | 26.605*** | |
Online Communication | 3.72 | 1.09 | 3.66 | 1.09 | 14.34*** | |
Learning Psychology | 3.34 | 1.20 | 3.23 | 1.22 | 25.155*** | |
Feedback on learning outcomes | 3.54 | 0.91 | 3.67 | 0.85 | −44.001*** | |
Willingness to continue | 3.62 | 1.04 | 3.77 | 0.96 | −44.889*** | |
Perceived usefulness | 3.46 | 0.98 | 3.57 | 0.92 | −34.067*** | |
Family level | Family involvement | 4.03 | 0.84 | 3.88 | 0.91 | 49.772*** |
Quiet learning environment | 4.42 | 0.79 | 4.27 | 0.88 | 53.116*** | |
Parental support and supervision | 3.83 | 1.03 | 3.69 | 1.10 | 40.397*** |