. falling intonation

, continuing intonation

? rising intonation

! exclamatory intonation

: vowel lengthening

= “latched” utterances

- a cut-off or self-interruption

word emphasis by loudness or high pitch

( ) uncertain transcription

[ overlap

­¯ sharper rises or falls in pitch

> < compressed utterances

h laughter

(h) laughter within a word

˚h inhalation

(0.5) silence; in tenths of a second

(.) micropause; less than 0.2 second

(( )) nonverbal behavior

˚xxx˚ the talk between them is markedly softer than the talk around it.