Team | Game Management | Season of Games | Practice |
Control | |||
Teams selected at random by the teachers
Only exist for one class at a time
Function as a team of champions rather than a champion team | Teachers dictated the progression and game development
Developed and taught by teachers
Teacher is a referee | Encouraging prosocial behaviour
Taking responsibility
Preventing selfish play
Avoiding harmful physical contact | The most important educational element but at the expense of other elements (team, game)
Sessions designed by the teacher including running, jumping, and throwing in different forms of activities, gymnastics, gymnastics with equipment and apparatus, dance, ball games, orienteering, skiing, skating, swimming, and development of physical functional skills |
Intervention | |||
Selected with great care by teachers, thinking about balancing gender, ability, friendships
Stay together for entire unit
The aim is to function as champion team rather than a team of champions | Students dictated the rate of progression and game development
Developed by the teams using a set of criteria: 1) inclusion of specific motor skills 2) maximum participation 3) no separate referee or scorer (everyone plays―teacher is not a referee but a teacher) 4) use of same equipment types by each team (enabling sharing) | Familiarizing students with each other
Understanding of factors affecting team engagement
Supporting team engagement
Cooperation within and between teams
Respecting accomplishments of other teams
Giving positive feedback considering team goals set by the students
Discussing improvement of games under teacher supervision | Students in teams design practice sessions focused on motor skills, team strategy, fitness by assessing need for practice in running, jumping, and throwing in different forms of activities, gymnastics, gymnastics with equipment and apparatus, dance, ball games, orienteering, skiing, skating, swimming, and development of physical functional skills
Formation of teams using workbooks (First 4 weeks)
Team name, chant and logo development (First 2 weeks)
Homework: creating a game based on CPE principles (In small teams across the intervention) |