Variable	Category	N	Factor 1: Culture of pain	Factor 2: Negative external pressure	Factor 3: Sports value	Factor 4: Strive for distinction	Factor 5: Situation
Sex	Female	177	−0.135 ± 0.066^*	−0.112 ± 0.073	0.0078 ± 0.076	−0.036 ± 0.072	−0.046 ± 0.069^*
Sex	Male	98	0.243 ± 0.11^*	0.202 ± 0.098	−0.014 ± 0.092	0.065 ± 0.10	0.083 ± 0.11^*
Coach or trainer	No	124	−0.11 ± 0.087	−0.012 ± 0.077^*	−0.36 ± 0.087	−0.036 ± 0.076^*	0.071 ± 0.086
Coach or trainer	Yes	150	0.089 ± 0.080	0.0097 ± 0.088^*	0.30 ± 0.072	0.030 ± 0.088^*	−0.058 ± 0.081
Country of origin	Canada	226	−0.031 ± 0.066	0.0027 ± 0.065	0.079 ± 0.066	−0.0084 ± 0.067^*	−0.025 ± 0.066
Country of origin	Not Canada	48	0.150 ± 0.136	−0.014 ± 0.143	−0.383 ± 0.125	0.062 ± 0.118^*	0.132 ± 0.134
Primary sport	Team	143	0.11 ± 0.088	−0.023 ± 0.087	0.094 ± 0.075	0.0240 ± 0.0875	0.13 ± 0.091^*
Primary sport	Individual	131	−0.12 ± 0.077	0.021 ± 0.079	−0.11 ± 0.092	−0.0236 ± 0.0790	−0.15 ± 0.071^*
Level of competition	Casual/recreational	119	−0.129 ± 0.083	0.033 ± 0.083	−0.476 ± 0.091^*	−0.108 ± 0.082^*	−0.022 ± 0.084
	Club	50	0.160 ± 0.157	−0.213 ± 0.151	−0.020 ± 0.107^*	−0.257 ± 0.143^*	−0.044 ± 0.180
	Varsity/provincial	62	0.042 ± 0.108	−0.050 ± 0.116	0.521 ± 0.099^*	0.224 ± 0.134^*	0.023 ± 0.114
	National/professional	34	0.140 ± 0.222	0.291 ± 0.217	0.726 ± 0.126^*	0.347 ± 0.180^*	0.100 ± 0.175