Approach

Approaches Parameters and Results

Node

Threshold

(m)

Population

Iteration

α

β

ρ

Basic path (m)

Enhanced path (m)

PRM based on ACO

329

3

250

500

0.6

0.9

0.01

30.92

29.7264

PRM based on modified ACO

329

3

250

500

0.6

0.9

0.01

29.1711

27.9639