Mode

Definition

Example

Mode 1

Cross-border

Users receive services from abroad through the telecommunications or postal network. Such supplies may include consultancy or market research reports, tele-medical advice, distance training, or architectural drawings

Mode 2

Consumption abroad

Consumers have moved abroad as tourists, students, or patients to consume the respective service

Mode 3

Commercial presence

The service is provided by a locally-established affiliate, subsidiary, or office of a foreign-owned and controlled company (bank, hotel group, construction company, etc.)

Mode 4

Movement of natural persons

A foreign national provides services within A as an independent supplier (e.g., consultant, health

worker) or employee of a foreign service firm (e.g. consultancy, hospital, construction company)