Study | Aggregation Level | Data Type | Econometric method | Elasticity estimation |
Aschauer [5] | National | Time series | Cobb-Douglas production function | The elasticity of non-military capital stock: 0.25 - 0.56 |
Brun et al. [27] | Sub-national | Panel data | Barro-type model | No impact of the length of roads on economic growth |
Berndt and Hansson [8] | Swedish National Level | Time series | Dual cost function | The Public infrastructure on the productivity growth: 0.058 - 0.149 |
Chiara Del Bo adn Massimo Florio [28] | Sub-national (EU regions) | Panel data | Cobb-Douglas production function with Spatial Durbin Model | The output elasticity of transport infrastructure: 0.05 |
Demurger [16] | Sub-national (Provincial) | Panel data | Growth equation | Positive effect on per capital income over 1985-1998 for 24 provinces |
Fleisher and Chen [29] | Sub-national (Provincial) | Panel data | Production function | Minor impact on provincial total factor productivity growth from 1978-1993 |
Fan and Zhang [30] | Sub-national (Provincial) | Panel data | Simultaneous equation system | The contribution of roads expenditure to the rural area agricultural sector productivity: 0.085 |
Kavanagh [10] | Ireland national level | Time series | Production function | The elasticity of public capital on output: 0.36 |
Ozbay et al. [20] | Sub-national (County) | Panel data | multiple regression | The elasticity of highway investment ranges from 0.02 to 0.21 |
Vijverberg, Fu and Vijverberg [12] | Sub-national (Provincial) | Panel data | Cost function with Maximum Likelihood estimation | The contribution of public infrastructure to the growth in labor productivity among industrial enterprises: 0.02 - 0.03 |
Zhang [13] | Sub-national (Provincial) | Panel data | Production function | The output elasticity of transport infrastructure: 0.11 |