| Ault et al., 2015 | US | c | a | 1:1 mentoring sessions including didactic session/ Hands-on training session/ Live patients | Number of successful intravenous placements/ Time taken for successful vessel cannulation | [47] |
| Stephenson et al., 2015 | US | c | b | Web-based didactic approach/ Simulation | Knowledge test/ Skill checklist/ Lasater clinical judgment rubric | [48] |
| Maeda et al., 2015 | Japan | c | c | Didactic lecture | Questionnaires to measure satisfaction, learning achievement, and usefulness | [49] |
| Schade et al., 2015 | US | b | a | Didactic session/ Hands-on session | Knowledge test/ Observational evaluation/ Assessment of psycho-motor domain | [50] |
| Adhikari et al., 2015 | US | c | a | Didactic lecture session/ Practical session | Confidence and comfort level/ Direct observation | [51] |
| Kaur et al., 2015 | India | a | b | Not described in detail | Knowledge and skill scores | [52] |
| Oliveira & Lawrence, 2016 | US | c | a | Didactic session/ Hands-on session | Success rates, number of attempts, and complications after training | [53] |
| Kuszajewski et al., 2016 | US | b | b | Practice using a mannequin and simulation scenario/ Intubation of live patients under the supervision | Knowledge test/ Endotracheal intubation checklist/ Self-confidence survey | [54] |
| Crous & Armstrong, 2016 | South Africa | b | a | Watching a video/ Group discussion | Observational checklists | [55] |
| Keleekai et al., 2016 | US | a | a | Self-paced online education/ Simulation-based live training | Knowledge assessment/ Confidence assessment/ Skill checklist | [56] |
| Meska et al., 2016 | Brazil | b | c | Theoretical session/ Practice session using a low-fidelity simulator | Self-confidence scale | [57] |
| Vinayaka & Bernet, 2016 | India | b | b | Not described in detail | Knowledge test/ Observational checklist | [58] |
| Jayalaxmi et al., 2016 | India | b | a | Structured teaching program using demonstration on mannequin, charts and slides | Knowledge test/ Observational checklist | [59] |
| Harjot et al., 2016 | India | b | b | Not described in detail | Knowledge test/ Observational checklist | [60] |
| Gosselin et al., 2016 | Canada | b | a | Theory session/ Practice lab session | Cost of inserting the ultrasound-guided peripheral venous access | [61] |
| Glover et al., 2017 | US | c | a | Self-paced interactive e-learning instruction/ Simulation-based practice | Skills Checklist/ Knowledge test | [62] |
| Gopalasingam et al., 2017 | Denmark | b | a | E-learning course/ Practice using gelatin phantoms/ Supervised catheterizations | Number of catheters used/ Success rate of catheters placements | [63] |
| Morgaonkar et al., 2017 | India | b | a | Interactive lecture for knowledge/ Hands-on training on manikins for skills | Skill checklist/ Knowledge test | [64] |