| Sarrechia et al. 2012 [42] | Communication Coordination of care Multidisciplinary teams | 17 care pathway for normal delivery All organization that submitted pathway documents consented to inclusion in the study. One member of the research team rendered the pathway documents anonymous | Donabedian’s paradigm, i.e., the relationship between the structure, process and outcome of care Knowledge-sharing networks | The pathway documents should be more standardized, reviewed by peers and checked for the inclusion of all interventions before used in daily practice | H |
| Hamman et al. 2009 [43] | Risks and failures in the healthcare organization Safety culture | Four in situ simulations were conducted in a community hospital, obstetric ward | Team training | Results from clinical simulations in an operational healthcare setting can help identify and resolve threats to patient safety | L |
| White et al. 2005 [44] | Risk management Communication | Hospital | Respectful approach, good communication, safe boundaries and careful communication | Analysis of claims files may help identify opportunities for improvement. Computerized physicians order entry and teamwork tools may improve information flow and help prevent miscommunication | H |