1. Layout: | 6. Protection of openings: |
long axis along an east-west orientation rectangular-shaped buildings non-compact courtyards | shade to exclude direct sunlight deep verandas wide overhangs |
2. Spacing: | 7. Positions of openings: |
non-compact open spacing planning protection from hot winds | windows in north and south walls windows at human body scale |
3. Air movement: | 8. Roofs: |
single-banking rooms for cross ventilation permanent ventilation room height greater than 2.75 m | Light material reflective surface well-insulated roof with cavity |
4. Size of openings: | 9. Rain protection: |
medium openings covering 40% - 80% of wall areas avoiding openings in west walls | protection from heavy rains needed adequate rainwater drainage covered passageways |
5. Walls and floors: | 10. Outdoor sleeping and relaxation: |
lightweight material low thermal capacity | no provision for outdoor sleeping required space on top of roofs balconies or in patios |