Rock sex

Unidirectional tensile strength (MPa)

rock name

first time mining Q0

repeated mining

Q1_

Q2_

Firm hard

≥90

80

70

60

Very hard sandstone, limestone and clay shale, quartz veins, very hard iron ore, compact granite, amphibole, diabase

Hard limestone, hard sandstone, hard marble, not hard granite

0.0

0.0

0.05

0.1

0.0

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.1

0.4

0.5

0.6

Middle

hard

50

40

30

20

>10

Harder limestone, sandstone and marble

Ordinary sandstone, iron ore

Sandy shale, flaky sandstone

Hard clay schist, not hard sandstone and limestone, soft conglomerate

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

0.9

0.45

0.7

0.8

0.9

1.0

0.7

0.95

1.0

1.0

1.1

Weak

≤10

All kinds of shale (not hard), compact marl, soft shale, very soft limestone, anthracite, ordinary marl, broken shale, bituminous coal, hard topsoil-granular soil, compact clay, soft sandy clay, loess, humus, loose sand

1.0

1.1

1.1