Terms	origin	definition	literature
CAIEPB	marketing	the process of image communication to the target market through AI and HI synergy so that the place can compete with other places.	Huang and Rust (2022)
CAIEPB	marketing	AI fostered place branding means applying AI technology, marketing techniques and brand strategy to the economic, social, cultural and political development of places and destinations.	Varsha et al. (2021)
Virtual place branding	marketing	Virtual place branding is that virtual worlds have been recognized as three-dimensional spaces where place stakeholders can communicate with current and potential customers, build brand presence.	Barnes, Mattsson, and Hartley (2015)
	marketing	Virtual place branding is in an internet-mediated environment where virtual experience occurs, the dynamic process of destinations constructs telepresence in relation to different types of information sources to gain virtual affective, cognitive and global image in the target market.	Hyun and Cai (2009)
	management	Virtual (place) branding refers to the ability of a website to gain the approval of users and the public, and to build an image in their minds.	Simeon (1999)
Digital place branding; E-branding in place; Place branding 4.0 (or Web 2.0 place branding)	marketing	Create more attractive spaces for all by augmentation of physical locations through location-specific digital services, products or experiences.	Calvium (2018)
	psychology	The digital place branding process is about the sum of all the consumer on-line experiences for a place. Although these experiences may be influenced by logos and sponsorships, the digital branding should be understood as something beyond visual identity	Rowles (2022)
	ecology	The digital platform ecosystem constructs a virtual “place” that supports and diversifies the traditional place brand of the city and the wider province.	Pohjola, Grönman, and Viljanen (2021a)
	marketing	E-branding in place means creating a specific brand image by the internet, characterized by constant presence, interactivity, speed, constantly expanding audience, building trust etc.	Grzesiak (2015)
	marketing	Place branding 4.0 is the strategy to cultivate highly hyper-customized experiences in places, which make consumers feel unique and meet their demands for social belonging, self-esteem, and self-fulfillment with the aid of mass customization, artificial intelligence, and supply chain management etc.	Yan, Gupta, Licsandru, and Schoefer (2022)