Attribution

Defensive behavior

Authentic pride

Hubris

Internal attribution

Admit failure

3.03 ± 1.22

3.36 ± 1.77

Internal attribution

Deny failure

2.32 ± 0.73

5.10 ± 1.17

External attribution

Admit failure

3.97 ± 1.52

1.74 ± 0.70

External attribution

Deny failure

3.88 ± 1.39

3.55 ± 1.57