| Technique | Advantages | Disadvantages |
| Activated sludge | - Effective in treating a wide variety of pollutants. - Produces good quality effluent. - System is widely studied and well understood. | - Consumes a lot of energy (aeration). - Produces sludge that requires proper management. - Needs regular monitoring and management. |
| Trickling filters | - Requires less energy compared to activated sludge. - Limited sludge production. | - May require more space than activated sludge. - Sensitive to toxic shocks. |
| Rotating biological contactors | - Good removal of BOD and suspended solids. - Limited sludge production. - Low energy consumption. | - Requires mechanical equipment (which can fail). - Risk of clogging or fouling. |
| High-performance lagooning | - Provides effective treatment with low energy consumption. - Capable of absorbing load variations. | - Requires a large space. - Dependent on climatic conditions. |