P value

Open Group

(n = 40)

Laparoscopic Group

(n = 40)

0.853

23 - 69

55 ± 6.45

5

26

9

19 - 64

54 ± 8.3

6

27

7

Age range

Mean age

Age stratification

· Under 30 years

· years 31 - 59 years

· Over 60 years

0.9617

0.8775

33 (82.5)

7 (17.5)

32 (80.0)

8 (20.0)

Type of resection: n (%)

· Anterior Resection

· APR

0.8075

0.8661

19 (47.5)

21 (52.5)

22 (55.0)

18 (45.0)

Tumor stage: n (%)

· pT1, pT2

· pT3, pT4

0.9135

0.8035

23 (57.5)

17 (42.5)

25 (62.5)

15 (37.5)

Nodal stage: n (%)

· pN0

· pN+

0.682

0.775

21 (52.5)

19 (47.5)

18 (45.0)

22 (55.0)

Neo-adjuvant RT: n (%)

· Yes

· No

0.835

0.797

17 (42.5)

23 (57.5)

14 (35.0)

26 (65.0)

Adjuvant CT: n (%)

· Yes

· No