Demographic factors | Internal factors | External factors | |
Traditional | Informal | ||
・ A firm size (number of employees, annual sales volume, market share); ・ Location (country, region, city); ・ Age of a firm; ・ Length of relationship with a supply chain partner; ・ Product line shipped | ・ Compliance with quality requirements; ・ Defect rate; ・ Corrective and preventive action systems; ・ Quality management program (TQM, six sigma); ・ Documentation and self-audit (ISO certification) Inspection and control; ・ Process control and capability; ・ Coordination ・ Shipment quality (package, lead time) | ・ “Voice” of company stakeholders; ・ Individual’s job network; ・ Personal relationship (friendship) ・ Personal relationship (family); ・ History of relationship of SC partners; ・ Location (familiarity, closeness); ・ Status (reputation) | ・ Competitors; ・ Shared resources dependency; ・ Degree of task dependency; ・ Technology change uncertainty; ・ Environment uncertainty (currency exchange rate, laws and regulations, politics) |