Authors and Year

Sample

Main findings

Arab et al. (2015) [4]

120 patients with DSM-IV and PANSS (Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale) assessments of schizophrenia and 100 healthy controls.

Results confirmed previous findings from different ethnic populations, in that the rs1800497 and rs909253 polymorphisms were both associated with risk of schizophrenia. Differences between the genotypes of cases and controls were strongly significant (P = 0.0005 for rs1800497 and P = 0.001 for rs909253). The relative risk to schizophrenia was 1.2 (P = 0.01) for the C allele and 0.8 (P = 0.04) for the G allele. The CC, GG, and combined CC/AA genotypes were all more frequent in cases than in controls. These results support an association between ANKK1 and LTA genetic markers and vulnerability to schizophrenia and show the potential influence of just one copy of the mutant C or G allele in the Egyptian population.

Cattane et al. (2015) [74]

A microarray expression study was conducted comparing skin fibroblast transcriptomic profiles from 20 SCZ patients and 20 controls.

This study reports the upregulation of JUN, HIST2H2BE, FOSB, FOS, EGR1 and TCF4 in the fibroblasts of SCZ patients. A significant alteration in EGR1 expression is also present in SCZ PBCs compared to controls and to MDD and BD patients, suggesting that this gene could be a specific biomarker helpful in the differential diagnosis of major psychoses.

Moselhy

et al. (2015) [18]

121 patients with schizophrenia (SCZ) and 170 controls were genotyped using quality controlled primers.

It was found a secondary association between PDLIM5 variants and the paranoid subtype of schizophrenia in Emirati Arabs suggesting that PDLIM5 may represent a determinate/marker for schizophrenia subtype specification. However, no associations were found with variants in PICK1, NRG3 or DISC1 genes.

Norlelawati et al. (2015) [46]

225 unrelated schizophrenia patients and 350 healthy controls. Schizophrenia cases were collected from the Psychiatry Clinic of Tengku Ampuan Afzan Hospital, Kuantan (HTAA).

The study supports the notion that the DISC1 gene is a marker of schizophrenia susceptibility and that rs2509382 in the mutual DISC1 translocation region is a susceptibility marker for schizophrenia among males in Malaysia.

Dai et al. (2014) [11]

A total of 30 paranoid (15 males and 15 females) and 29 undifferentiated (15 males and 14 females) SCZ patients were collected as cases from Ningbo Kangning Hospital. In addition, 26 age- and gender-matched volunteers in Ningbo Kangning Hospital were enrolled as healthy controls (12 males and 15 females).

Their findings supported that DRD3 gene body hypermethylation was significantly associated with the risk of SCZ.

Gareeva et al. (2014) [5]

A test sample included 257 patients diagnosed with PSZ F.20.0xx according to the 10th revision of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD10), of which 108 (49 females and 59 males) were Russians and 149 (71 females and 78 males) were Tatars. The patients were treated at Republican Mental Hospital no. 1 (Ufa). The mean age was 24.94 ± 8.91 years; the mean age at disease onset, 22.46 ± 7.32 years; and the mean disease history, 3.69 ± 3.85 years.

The findings support the hypothesis that glutamate receptor genes are involved in the etiology and pathogenesis of schizophrenia.

Joshi et al. (2014) [40]

Postmortem frozen tissues from 30 schizophrenia cases, 7 schizoaffective cases, and 37 well-matched control individuals were provided by the New South Wales Tissue Resource Centre (TRC cohort).

Their findings demonstrate that ErbB4-pan laminar mRNA expression is elevated (layers I, II, V) in schizophrenia. At the cellular level, ErbB4-pan mRNA+ signal was detected predominantly in interneuron-like neurons. They provide evidence from this independent Australian postmortem cohort that ErbB4-JMa expression is elevated in schizophrenia and is linked to deficits in dendrite-targeting somatostatin, neuropeptide Y and vasoactive intestinal peptide interneurons.

Kebir et al. (2014) [41]

Families were included in this study based on the presence of one proband diagnosed with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder. The global sample included 951 Caucasian subjects in 313 nuclear families (325 cases and their 626 parents forming

This first exploratory systematic study of the HDAC genes provides consistent support for the involvement of the HDAC3 gene in the etiology of schizophrenia. A statistical epistatic interaction between