Type

Pros

Cons

Chemical

Simple processing without the need of expensive equipment/instrument

Poor sensitivity; Requires the use of chemicals; Low throughput and high labor demand

Optical

Highly reliable and fully validated detection with the use of luminal; Very high sensitivity with CAPS detector

High cost of instrument purchase and maintenance; Unable to use in small scale sensors

FET

Solid state sensors without chemicals; Continuously monitoring (on-line analysis)

The accuracy and reliability can still be improved by developing new sensing materials