Reference flow: 1 kg of NOx removed by photocatalytic surface coating

LCI phase (Manuscript reference 2.2.2)

Concrete pavement element

Ecoinvent 3.7.1 (2020), APOS

Materials and energy—inputs from techno sphere

Water, gram

Production

577

Tap water, market for tap water, Europe without Switzerland

TiO2, gram

Production

48

titanium dioxide, market for titanium dioxide, RER

SiO2 (binder), gram

Production

12

silica sand, market for silica sand, GLO

NH3 (pH stabilizer), gram

Production

2.5

ammonia, anhydrous, liquid, market for ammonia, anhydrous, liquid, RER

Energy consumption, Wh

Production

12

electricity, medium voltage, market for electricity medium voltage, DK

Plastic, HDPE, gram

Production

9

polyethylene, high density, granulate, market for polyethylene, high density, granulate, GLO

Emissions to air

NOx, gram

Operation, FU

−1000

-

SOx, gram

Operation

−33

-

Emission to surface water

NO 3 , gram

Operation

1900

-

Residues

Plastic, HDPE, to incineration, gram

Production

9

waste polyethylene, treatment of waste polyethylene, municipal incineration, CH

Waste product, to sanitary landfill, gram

End-of-life

94

waste cement, hydrated, treatement of waste cement, hydrated, residual material landfill, Europe without Switzerland