| Size fraction | Exposure | Outcome | Causality determination |
| PM2.5 | Short-term | Cardiovascular Effects | Causal |
| Respiratory Effects | Likely To Be Causal | ||
| Central Nervous System | Inadequate | ||
| Mortality | Causal | ||
| PM2.5 | Long-term | Cardiovascular Effects | Causal |
| Respiratory Effects | Likely To Be Causal | ||
| Mortality | Causal | ||
| Reproductive And Developmental | Suggestive | ||
| Cancer, Mutagenicity, And Genotoxicity | Suggestive |