Item | Before Intervention ( ) | After Intervention ( ) | t value | P value |
Tenacity | 38.07 ± 6.05 | 39.56 ± 6.32 | −2.13 | 0.040* |
Strength | 22.51 ± 4.90 | 23.74 ± 4.60 | −2.57 | 0.014* |
Optimism | 12.72 ± 2.43 | 13.64 ± 2.07 | −3.38 | 0.002* |