Fuel Cell Type

Electrolyte Type

Operating Temperature

Efficiency

Fuel

Alkaline Fuel Cell (AFC)

Potassium hydroxide (KOH)

solution

Room temperature to 90˚C

60% - 70%

H2 - O2

Proton Exchange Membrane

Fuel Cell (PEMFC)

Proton Exchange Membrane

Room temperature to 80˚C

40% - 60%

H2 - O2 or Air

Direct Methanol Fuel Cell

(DMFC)

Proton Exchange Membrane

Room temperature to 130˚C

20% - 30%

CH2OH - O2 or Air

Phosphoric Acid Fuel Cell

(PAFC)

Phosphoric acid

160˚C - 220˚C

55%

Natural Gas, Biogas, H2 - O2 or Air

Molten Carbonate Fuel Cell

(MCFC)

Molten mixture of alkali

metal carbonates

620˚C - 660˚C

65%

Natural Gas, Biogas, Coal gas, H2 - O2 or Air

Solid Oxide Fuel Cell

(SOFC)

Oxide ion conducting

ceramic

800˚C - 1000˚C

60% - 65%

Natural Gas, Biogas, Coal gas, H2 - O2 or Air