Characteristic

Females

Males

Total

P-value

N (%)

74 (62.2)

45 (37.8)

119 (100)

<0.01

Age, years mean ± sd

58.4 ± 11.2

68.2 ± 10.1

62.2 (11.7)

<0.01

Height, cm mean ± sd

158.1 ± 6.3

162.3 ± 8

159.7 (7.3)

<0.01

Weight, kg mean ± sd

71.4 ± 15.2

68.9 ± 11.4

70.4 (13.9)

0.34

Body mass index, kg/m² mean ± sd

28.6 ± 5.8

26.1 ± 3.8

27.6 (5.2)

0.01

Place of residence n, (%)

Urban

55 (74.3)

31 (68.9

86 (72.3)

Rural

14 (31.1)

19 (25.7)

33 (27.7)

0.52

Level of education n, (%)

Primary

28 (37.4)

22 (50)

50 (42.4)

Secondary

4 (5.4)

9 (20.5)

13 (11)

Tertiary

42 (56.8)

13 (29.5)

55 (46.6)

<0.01

Occupation n, (%)

Retired

11 (15.3)

24 (54.5)

35 (30.2)

Office workers

21 (29.4)

5 (11.4)

26 (22.4)

Business

19 (26.4)

4 (9.1)

23 (19.8)

Farmers

11 (15.3)

3 (6.8)

14 (12.1)

Artisans

1 (1.4)

8 (18.2)

9 (7.8)

Unemployed

11 (14.9)

1 (2.2)

12 (10.1)

Peripheral hemodynamics, mean ± sd

Systolic pressure, mm Hg

138.3 ± 25.3

138.6 ± 23.8

138.4 (24.3)

0.95

Diastolic pressure, mm Hg

81.6 ± 11.8

80.5 ± 14.7

81.2 (12.9)

0.65

Measurements on blood, mean ± sd

Glucose, mg/dl

128 ± 22.7

127.7 ± 22.4

127.9 (22.4)

0.95

Medical history n, (%)

Hypertension

62 (83.8)

39 (86.7)

101 (84.9)

0.67

Chronic headache

32 (43.2)

20 (44.4)

52 (43.7)

0.9

Arthritis

43 (58.1)

25 (55.6)

68 (57.1)

0.79

Stroke

8 (10.8)

5 (11.1)

13 (10.9)

0.96

Parkinson’s disease

3 (4.1)

7 (15.6)

9 (7.6)

0.03

Heart failure

6 (8.1

5 (11.1)

11 (9.2)

0.58

Others

11 (24.4)

9 (12.2)

20 (16.8)

<0.01

Past History of Diabetic Coma n, (%)

4 (5.4)

4 (8.9)

8 (6.7)

0.46

Lifestyle n, (%)

Current use of tobacco, n (%)

5 (6.8)

12 (26.7)

17 (14.3)

<0.01

Used herbal medicine

57 (77)

33 (73.3)

90 (75.6)

0.65

Use of alcohol,

20 (27)

13 (28.9)

33 (27.7)

0.84

Morinsky Adherence Score n, (%)

High (0 - 2)

46 (62.2)

29 (64.4)

75 (63)

Medium (3 - 5)

21 (28.4)

14 (31.1)

35 (29.4)

Low (6 - 8)

7 (9.5)

2 (4.4)

9 (7.6)

0.6