| Butterfly species | Structural parameters | Contact angle (˚) | |||
| Scale size | Distance | Protrusion high | No phosphorus | Phosphorus | |
| Argynnis paphia | 70 * 35 | 54 | 0.34 | 123.0 | 156.6 |
| Limenitis populi | 90 * 50 | 76 | 0.20 | 129.0 | 150.3 |
| Pontia daplidice | 80 * 60 | 74 | 0.50 | 112.1 | 139.3 |