Experimental group (n = 51)

Control group (n = 51)

t

p

Theoretical knowledge

8.08 ± 0.69

8.04 ± 0.72

0.281

0.779

Preparation of items

8.14 ± 0.75

7.92 ± 0.72

1.486

0.140

Sterile operation

8.69 ± 0.58

7.49 ± 0.64

9.834

0.000

Selection of puncture site

8.51 ± 0.58

7.73 ± 0.72

6.047

0.000

Angle and speed of needle insertion

8.61 ± 0.53

7.71 ± 0.54

8.495

0.000

Technique of pushing sleeve

8.33 ± 0.59

7.45 ± 0.50

8.140

0.000

Technique of withdrawing needle

8.45 ± 0.54

7.65 ± 0.59

7.146

0.000

Method of sealing catheter

8.57 ± 0.50

7.67 ± 0.48

9.328

0.000

Method of flushing catheter

8.41 ± 0.54

7.51 ± 0.51

8.750

0.000

Indwelling needle removal

8.33 ± 0.55

7.57 ± 0.54

7.069

0.000

Total score

84.12 ± 1.90

76.73 ± 1.67

20.820

0.000