Numbering

Fracturing fluid type

Original permeability/um2

Penetration after injury/um2

Penetration rate Damage rate /%

1

Clean slippery water fracturing fluid

7.87 × 10−3

6.43 × 10−3

18.34

2

Oil-based emulsion slippery water fracturing fluid

2.16 × 10−4

5.00 × 10−4

76.84

3

Guar gum fracturing fluid

6.3 × 10−3

6.70 × 10−4

89.36